ABSTRACT:
Child malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge in India, contributing to over 50% of global under-five mortality. This study examines regional disparities in nutritional status across the North Eastern States using data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) 2019–21. Utilising descriptive analysis and logistic regression models to adjust for socio-economic and geographical determinants, the study evaluated the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight conditions among children under five. Findings reveal significant intra-state heterogeneity; stunting is most prevalent in Meghalaya (46.5%) and lowest in Sikkim (22.3%), while wasting and underweight rates peak in Assam at 21.7% and 32.8%, respectively. Conversely, Mizoram and Sikkim demonstrate the lowest prevalence for these acute and composite measures. The results underscore that a "one-size-fits-all" approach is insufficient for the region, as malnutrition patterns are influenced by distinct physical and cultural contexts. While some states show relative progress, others face a disproportionate burden of chronic and acute undernutrition. The study concludes that targeted, state-specific interventions—informed by geographically disaggregated data, are essential to address the unique nutritional challenges and societal inequities prevalent in North East India.