Comparing Two Measures of Neighborhood Conditions and Brain Functional Network Connectivity (FNC) in Preadolescents Living in the United States
1
Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, United States
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A1295
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Neighborhoods—a social determinant of health—are linked to executive function(EF), skills that are important for cognitive and mental health outcome, but less is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the association among two measures of neighborhood condition (i.e., area deprivation index(ADI) and childhood opportunity index(COI)) and functional network connectivity(FNC), the shared activity patterns between brain regions, supporting EF. The author hypothesized that COI would be positively correlated and ADI would be negatively correlated with FNC.
METHODS:
Baseline data (n=11292) were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive development(ABCD) study 5.1 release. Participants’ addresses were geocoded and linked to ADI and COI. Brain networks were extracted from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) using Neuromark 2.2 template. A regression model was used to quantify FNC. Correlational analyses with COI, ADI, and FNC were conducted. Participants with missing data were excluded. To control for multiple comparisons, FDR correction was performed.
RESULTS:
Participants(Mage(SD)=9.93 years(.63)) were predominately male (53%) and White (53%, 20% Hispanic, 14% Black, 2% Asian, and 10% other). COI(n=10249) was positively correlated with connectivity between temporoparietal and the central executive (r =0.04, q=0.009), default mode (r=0.04, q=0.003) and salience (r=0.03, q=0.018) networks. No association was observed between ADI(n=10046) and FNC.
CONCLUSIONS:
Hypotheses were partially supported. Although most studies investigating neighborhoods and brain development have focused on neighborhood deprivation, no association between ADI and FNC was observed in this study. COI was associated with greater activity in networks that play an important role in EF, establishing a link between neighborhood opportunity and EF. Findings suggest that it may be important for neuroscience and public health researchers exploring associations among neighborhood conditions, brain development, and EF in youth to consider the role of opportunity within neighborhoods.
Neighborhoods—a social determinant of health—are linked to executive function(EF), skills that are important for cognitive and mental health outcome, but less is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the association among two measures of neighborhood condition (i.e., area deprivation index(ADI) and childhood opportunity index(COI)) and functional network connectivity(FNC), the shared activity patterns between brain regions, supporting EF. The author hypothesized that COI would be positively correlated and ADI would be negatively correlated with FNC.
METHODS:
Baseline data (n=11292) were drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive development(ABCD) study 5.1 release. Participants’ addresses were geocoded and linked to ADI and COI. Brain networks were extracted from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) using Neuromark 2.2 template. A regression model was used to quantify FNC. Correlational analyses with COI, ADI, and FNC were conducted. Participants with missing data were excluded. To control for multiple comparisons, FDR correction was performed.
RESULTS:
Participants(Mage(SD)=9.93 years(.63)) were predominately male (53%) and White (53%, 20% Hispanic, 14% Black, 2% Asian, and 10% other). COI(n=10249) was positively correlated with connectivity between temporoparietal and the central executive (r =0.04, q=0.009), default mode (r=0.04, q=0.003) and salience (r=0.03, q=0.018) networks. No association was observed between ADI(n=10046) and FNC.
CONCLUSIONS:
Hypotheses were partially supported. Although most studies investigating neighborhoods and brain development have focused on neighborhood deprivation, no association between ADI and FNC was observed in this study. COI was associated with greater activity in networks that play an important role in EF, establishing a link between neighborhood opportunity and EF. Findings suggest that it may be important for neuroscience and public health researchers exploring associations among neighborhood conditions, brain development, and EF in youth to consider the role of opportunity within neighborhoods.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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