DETERMINANTS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND CONTROL METHODS USED BY LIVESTOCK FARMERS AND VETERINARY SERVICES PROVIDERS IN KAYONZA DISTRICT TO IMPROVE ONE HEALTH
1
Drugs Department, Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Kigali, Rwanda
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge with significant implications for food security, livelihoods, and public health affecting Human, Animals and Environment. The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials by livestock farmers and veterinary service providers contribute to the growing resistance, making treatments less effective. In livestock farming, where antimicrobials are used more heavily, AMR poses a critical threat to agricultural sustainability. This study focuses on Kayonza District, where data on AMR prevalence and control measures is limited. It seeks to determine the social, cultural, and economic factors influencing AMR, as well as the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of farmers and veterinarians related to AMR. Using a mixed-method approach, the research employed quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews (Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions) with farmers and veterinary service providers. A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used, with purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The sample size was calculated using Fisher et al.'s formula, and data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25, with results presented via pie charts and bar graphs.The study revealed that 37.7% of practitioners regularly conduct diagnostic tests before using antimicrobials, while 32.9% do so occasionally. Additionally, 33.8% seek alternative treatments to minimize antimicrobial use. Social-cultural influences include the community’s reliance on antimicrobials due to limited access to veterinary care (21.7%) and family or community pressure (27.5%). Socioeconomic factors include poverty (26.6%) and insurance coverage (19.8%). Despite 72.9% of respondents having some knowledge of AMR, there is a need for better education and awareness. The findings highlight that AMR in Kayonza District is shaped by diagnostic practices, socio-cultural, and socioeconomic factors, and varying levels of knowledge. This underscores the need for integrated strategies to improve One Health outcomes.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge with significant implications for food security, livelihoods, and public health affecting Human, Animals and Environment. The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials by livestock farmers and veterinary service providers contribute to the growing resistance, making treatments less effective. In livestock farming, where antimicrobials are used more heavily, AMR poses a critical threat to agricultural sustainability. This study focuses on Kayonza District, where data on AMR prevalence and control measures is limited. It seeks to determine the social, cultural, and economic factors influencing AMR, as well as the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of farmers and veterinarians related to AMR. Using a mixed-method approach, the research employed quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews (Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions) with farmers and veterinary service providers. A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used, with purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The sample size was calculated using Fisher et al.'s formula, and data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25, with results presented via pie charts and bar graphs.The study revealed that 37.7% of practitioners regularly conduct diagnostic tests before using antimicrobials, while 32.9% do so occasionally. Additionally, 33.8% seek alternative treatments to minimize antimicrobial use. Social-cultural influences include the community’s reliance on antimicrobials due to limited access to veterinary care (21.7%) and family or community pressure (27.5%). Socioeconomic factors include poverty (26.6%) and insurance coverage (19.8%). Despite 72.9% of respondents having some knowledge of AMR, there is a need for better education and awareness. The findings highlight that AMR in Kayonza District is shaped by diagnostic practices, socio-cultural, and socioeconomic factors, and varying levels of knowledge. This underscores the need for integrated strategies to improve One Health outcomes.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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