From continuous glucose monitoring to artificial intelligence: a narrative review of the digital revolution in diabetes management
1
School of Medicine, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Crato, Brazil
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A919
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The 21st century has revolutionized various fields of knowledge due to rapid technological advancements and its consequent potential benefits1. Regarding diabetes management, monitoring and screening technologies have evolved to allow patients increasing autonomy over metabolic control, including recognition of episodes of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and ketonemia, and prevention of acute metabolic complications2. It is essential to remain up to date with new trends and future perspectives in technology to offer more effective care to the population living with this globally prevalent comorbidity, which places a high-cost burden on public healthcare systems3.
METHODS:
This is a narrative review that aims to describe the trends and future perspectives for technological development in assisting glycemic control for patients with diabetes and screening for the general population.
RESULTS:
Since the turn of the century, patients living with diabetes have relied on Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices. These devices have revolutionized the understanding of glycemic physiology and enabled the integration of other technologies, such as smartphone applications, smartwatches4, and integration with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) systems, often referred to in integrated setups as Sensor-Augmented Pumps (SAP)5. Additionally, several studies have been conducted to enhance monitoring and screening possibilities; biosensors for the retina, salivary glucose detection, infrared sensor technology, and artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning approaches, to eliminate the need for blood samples and equipment calibration are key examples of innovations currently under investigation6-8.
CONCLUSIONS:
Public health systems and healthcare professionals must remain attentive to technological innovations capable of impacting the quality of life and management of diabetes. This involves considering the logic of economies of scale while offering the best therapeutic options for this potentially disabling condition. Public health authorities and healthcare professionals can - and should - leverage technological innovations to help alter the clinical course of this impactful comorbidity.
The 21st century has revolutionized various fields of knowledge due to rapid technological advancements and its consequent potential benefits1. Regarding diabetes management, monitoring and screening technologies have evolved to allow patients increasing autonomy over metabolic control, including recognition of episodes of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and ketonemia, and prevention of acute metabolic complications2. It is essential to remain up to date with new trends and future perspectives in technology to offer more effective care to the population living with this globally prevalent comorbidity, which places a high-cost burden on public healthcare systems3.
METHODS:
This is a narrative review that aims to describe the trends and future perspectives for technological development in assisting glycemic control for patients with diabetes and screening for the general population.
RESULTS:
Since the turn of the century, patients living with diabetes have relied on Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices. These devices have revolutionized the understanding of glycemic physiology and enabled the integration of other technologies, such as smartphone applications, smartwatches4, and integration with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) systems, often referred to in integrated setups as Sensor-Augmented Pumps (SAP)5. Additionally, several studies have been conducted to enhance monitoring and screening possibilities; biosensors for the retina, salivary glucose detection, infrared sensor technology, and artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning approaches, to eliminate the need for blood samples and equipment calibration are key examples of innovations currently under investigation6-8.
CONCLUSIONS:
Public health systems and healthcare professionals must remain attentive to technological innovations capable of impacting the quality of life and management of diabetes. This involves considering the logic of economies of scale while offering the best therapeutic options for this potentially disabling condition. Public health authorities and healthcare professionals can - and should - leverage technological innovations to help alter the clinical course of this impactful comorbidity.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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