INTRODUCTION:
Low birth weight (LBW) remains a critical risk factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide with a national prevalence of 10% in Ghana, and 8% to 12% in the Volta region of Ghana. The study sought to determine the knowledge, practices and attitudes of community members on causes, contributory factors, prevention and treatment of low birth weight.

METHODS:
Eight focus group discussions were conducted with pregnant women and women who delivered in the last 6 months. Thirty-four in-depth interviews were held with a cross section of community members in five districts. Audio recorded interviews were transcribed, uploaded onto NVivo Version 11 for analyses. All ethical procedures were followed.

RESULTS:
Poor nutrition, and non-adherence to antenatal medications and attendance were indicated as causes of LBW. There was a belief of evil spirit cause among community members. Practices such as deliberately reducing food intake and use of herbal remedies in pregnancy, contributed to LBW. Husbands’ believed that evil attacks during pregnancy contributed to LBW. Good nutrition, antenatal clinic attendance, adherence to prescribed medications, avoiding herbal medications, use of insecticide treated net and avoiding smoking and alcohol intake while pregnant were expressed as preventive measures to LBW. Traditional birth attendants ensured treatment of LBW in hospitals. Some mothers used over-the-counter medications to treat LBW. There was a misconception of treating LBW with herbal remedies and prayers.

CONCLUSIONS:
Misconceptions contributing to low dietary intake and self-medication have implications for healthy pregnancy and fetal health. Targeted health education at antenatal clinics and in communities can curb these misconceptions. The study however cannot be generalized because it was qualitative with purposive sampling.