Monitoring Mpox Vaccination Across Social Contexts Using Routine Health Data in Catalonia
1
Transversal Research Unit, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The 2022 Mpox outbreak required health systems to rapidly deploy vaccination strategies for populations at increased risk. Monitoring vaccination uptake and outcomes using routinely collected healthcare data is essential to strengthen surveillance capacity and support equitable outbreak response.
METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) from December 2019 to June 2024. Adults who received at least one Mpox vaccine dose from June 2022 onwards were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic context (MEDEA index), vaccination patterns, comorbidities, and post-vaccination Mpox infections (ICD-10-CM: B04) were described using primary care data.
RESULTS:
A total of 7,629 vaccinated individuals were identified, predominantly male (98.4%), with a mean age of 38.7 years (range 18–79). Most individuals were born in Spain (58.6%), while 27.5% resided in areas classified as having high socioeconomic status, indicating vaccine uptake across diverse social contexts. A second vaccine dose was administered to 55.1% of individuals, with a mean interval of 119 days (SD 77.9; range 25–641). Most participants had a documented history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Chronic conditions were infrequent, including diabetes (n=39), hypertension (n=268), dyslipidemia (n=205), immunodeficiency (n=65), and HIV (n=39). Post-vaccination Mpox infections were rare (n=12): seven cases occurred after the first dose (mean onset 41 days) and five after the second dose (mean onset 182 days).
CONCLUSIONS:
Use of routinely collected primary care data enabled detailed assessment of Mpox vaccination coverage and outcomes across socially diverse populations. These findings demonstrate how integrated health information systems can support equitable vaccine delivery by identifying who is reached by targeted strategies and monitoring outcomes in real time. Strengthening routine surveillance through existing health system infrastructures improves outbreak responsiveness, informs targeted public health action, and supports population well-being.
The 2022 Mpox outbreak required health systems to rapidly deploy vaccination strategies for populations at increased risk. Monitoring vaccination uptake and outcomes using routinely collected healthcare data is essential to strengthen surveillance capacity and support equitable outbreak response.
METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) from December 2019 to June 2024. Adults who received at least one Mpox vaccine dose from June 2022 onwards were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic context (MEDEA index), vaccination patterns, comorbidities, and post-vaccination Mpox infections (ICD-10-CM: B04) were described using primary care data.
RESULTS:
A total of 7,629 vaccinated individuals were identified, predominantly male (98.4%), with a mean age of 38.7 years (range 18–79). Most individuals were born in Spain (58.6%), while 27.5% resided in areas classified as having high socioeconomic status, indicating vaccine uptake across diverse social contexts. A second vaccine dose was administered to 55.1% of individuals, with a mean interval of 119 days (SD 77.9; range 25–641). Most participants had a documented history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Chronic conditions were infrequent, including diabetes (n=39), hypertension (n=268), dyslipidemia (n=205), immunodeficiency (n=65), and HIV (n=39). Post-vaccination Mpox infections were rare (n=12): seven cases occurred after the first dose (mean onset 41 days) and five after the second dose (mean onset 182 days).
CONCLUSIONS:
Use of routinely collected primary care data enabled detailed assessment of Mpox vaccination coverage and outcomes across socially diverse populations. These findings demonstrate how integrated health information systems can support equitable vaccine delivery by identifying who is reached by targeted strategies and monitoring outcomes in real time. Strengthening routine surveillance through existing health system infrastructures improves outbreak responsiveness, informs targeted public health action, and supports population well-being.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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