BACKGROUND:
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent public health challenge in Brazil, requiring continuous monitoring to support effective control strategies.(1) Routine health information systems are central to tracking TB notification, treatment outcomes, and mortality, yet inconsistencies in data quality and operational performance may compromise timely decision-making.(2) This study aimed to analyze key tuberculosis indicators derived from routine surveillance systems in Brazil, focusing on notification patterns, treatment outcomes, and mortality trends.

METHODS:
A descriptive and analytical study was conducted using secondary data from Brazilian routine health information systems, including the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN)(3) and mortality records from the Unified Health System. Tuberculosis indicators related to case notification, treatment outcomes (cure, loss to follow-up, and death), and mortality were analyzed according to time and geographic distribution, following definitions established by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Data completeness and consistency were assessed to identify operational limitations in surveillance and follow-up.

RESULTS:
The analysis revealed temporal fluctuations in tuberculosis case notifications, suggesting periods of reduced detection and reporting. Treatment outcomes showed persistent challenges, with unfavorable outcomes remaining a relevant proportion of reported cases across the study period. Tuberculosis-related mortality exhibited variability over time and across geographic areas. In addition, limitations in data completeness and delays in notification were observed in routine systems, indicating weaknesses in surveillance processes and continuity of care.

CONCLUSIONS:
Routine health information systems provide essential evidence for monitoring tuberculosis control in Brazil; however, persistent operational and data quality challenges may limit their effectiveness. Strengthening surveillance systems, improving data completeness, and ensuring timely use of routinely collected data are critical to support more responsive and equitable tuberculosis control strategies.