BACKGROUND:
Sexual violence against children and adolescents can occur inside or outside the home, and corresponds to an unequal power relationship, in which they are forced to satisfy the desires and wishes of adults1. Unfortunately, there has been an increase in such cases in recent years. Given the above, it is essential that cases are identified and reported and that victims are protected and cared for. Nurses play a key role as healthcare professionals who can contribute to combating such violence2.

METHODS:
Descriptive, exploratory, and cross-sectional field research, with data collected through a 12-question form created in Google Forms and intended for nurses who work with children and adolescents. The objective of the study was to describe the actions of nurses in these cases in various segments of health care.

RESULTS:
After adopting the eligibility criteria, the study proceeded with 26 valid responses, with 80.8% identifying as female and 19.2% as male, working in the public and private sectors, and only two respondents working in both. The data collected revealed weaknesses in the identification of cases of sexual abuse, with 17 participants correctly responding that this identification should occur through signs of lacerations, bruises, edema, and social withdrawal, while the others responded that they did not know how to identify it or that this process should be through spontaneous manifestation by the victim or suspicion raised by family members, teachers, or caregivers. There were also flaws in the reporting process and in the appropriate referrals, as well as gaps in the implementation of relevant care.

CONCLUSIONS:
The study reveals the need for continuous training of professionals, as well as the importance of clear protocols that allow cases to be handled appropriately, ensuring comprehensive, safe, and effective care for victims.