Predictors of frailty and multimorbidity patterns among middle-aged adults in a rural population cohort in Burkina Faso, 2015-2022: A retrospective cohort study based on an AWI-Gen population.
1
Wits School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
2
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
3
Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
4
MRC Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, Banjul, Gambia
5
Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Canada
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A86
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Frailty and multimorbidity are vulnerable geriatric syndromes among the elderly, and assessment of the determinants of both conditions has remained limited despite the prevalence established in previous studies. We determined factors associated with frailty and multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in rural areas from 2015 to 2022 in Burkina Faso.
METHODS:
This study utilized data from the AWI-Gen sub-study, a retrospective cohort study of 1500 participants aged 40-65 residing in Nanoro and Yako in Burkina Faso. Fried's phenotypic frailty components, and twelve chronic diseases were assessed for derivation into frailty and multimorbidity score variants respectively. To determine the risk factors associated with frailty and multimorbidity, we performed an ordinal and multinomial logistic regression analysis respectively with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS:
Pre-frailty and frailty were 59.3% and 8.5% respectively while that of multimorbidity was 38.3%. Weight loss (23.9%) and self-reported exhaustion (23.1%) were the most frequent frailty components. Dyslipidemia (63.9%), hypertension (26.4%) and rheumatic arthritis (15.0%) were the most frequent chronic diseases. In adjusted analysis, increasing age (aOR 1.4), being widowed (aOR 1.5), being unemployed (aOR 2.5), smokeless tobacco use (aOR 2.5), being underweight, and multimorbidity (aOR 1.4) were independently associated with increased odds of frailty. Fruit and vegetables consumption (aOR 0.9) and being highly active (aOR 0.1) significantly reduced the odds of frailty. With regards to multimorbidity, increasing age (RRR 1.8), being a woman (RRR 2.6), being widowed (RRR 1.6), being unemployed (RRR 4.5), overweight and obesity (RRR 3.4), pre-frailty and frailty (RRR 2.1) were prominent predictors of multimorbidity. Nevertheless, fruit consumption (RRR 0.9) significantly reduced the risk of multimorbidity.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings provide additional evidence on the determinants of frailty and multimorbidity in Burkina Faso. Community awareness initiatives should be strengthened to influence lifestyle on tobacco consumption, alcoholism, physical activity, vitamin supplementation, and fruit and vegetables consumption.
Frailty and multimorbidity are vulnerable geriatric syndromes among the elderly, and assessment of the determinants of both conditions has remained limited despite the prevalence established in previous studies. We determined factors associated with frailty and multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in rural areas from 2015 to 2022 in Burkina Faso.
METHODS:
This study utilized data from the AWI-Gen sub-study, a retrospective cohort study of 1500 participants aged 40-65 residing in Nanoro and Yako in Burkina Faso. Fried's phenotypic frailty components, and twelve chronic diseases were assessed for derivation into frailty and multimorbidity score variants respectively. To determine the risk factors associated with frailty and multimorbidity, we performed an ordinal and multinomial logistic regression analysis respectively with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS:
Pre-frailty and frailty were 59.3% and 8.5% respectively while that of multimorbidity was 38.3%. Weight loss (23.9%) and self-reported exhaustion (23.1%) were the most frequent frailty components. Dyslipidemia (63.9%), hypertension (26.4%) and rheumatic arthritis (15.0%) were the most frequent chronic diseases. In adjusted analysis, increasing age (aOR 1.4), being widowed (aOR 1.5), being unemployed (aOR 2.5), smokeless tobacco use (aOR 2.5), being underweight, and multimorbidity (aOR 1.4) were independently associated with increased odds of frailty. Fruit and vegetables consumption (aOR 0.9) and being highly active (aOR 0.1) significantly reduced the odds of frailty. With regards to multimorbidity, increasing age (RRR 1.8), being a woman (RRR 2.6), being widowed (RRR 1.6), being unemployed (RRR 4.5), overweight and obesity (RRR 3.4), pre-frailty and frailty (RRR 2.1) were prominent predictors of multimorbidity. Nevertheless, fruit consumption (RRR 0.9) significantly reduced the risk of multimorbidity.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings provide additional evidence on the determinants of frailty and multimorbidity in Burkina Faso. Community awareness initiatives should be strengthened to influence lifestyle on tobacco consumption, alcoholism, physical activity, vitamin supplementation, and fruit and vegetables consumption.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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