Prevalence and molecular detection of antimicrobial resistant genes of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers and humans
1
Veterinary public health and preventive medicine, University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Nigeria
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A179
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
The inappropriate use of antimicrobials in agricultural and healthcare settings as prophylaxis or therapeutics has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animals and humans and ultimately resulting in mortality/morbidity, economic losses, healthcare costs, and the selection pressure of antimicrobials.
METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study in farms and hospitals within the Gwagwalada and Kuje area councils of the federal Capital territory territory. Data was collected on socio-demographic characteristics using a well structured questionnaire. The isolates (cloacal swab from broilers and stool sample from humans) were tested phenotypically for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and the presence of antimicrobial resistant genes using polymerase chain reaction. Data was analyzed using inferential statistics. Chi-square test and the Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship and association of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers and humans respectively.
RESULTS:
In the Gwagwalada area council, the prevalence of E. coli in broilers was 49.3% and 51.4% in humans. In the Kuje area council, the prevalence of E. coli in broilers was 38.1% and 37.1% in humans. The coefficient correlation between study populations was 1. In broilers, high frequency of resistance was recorded for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n=82; 85.4%), ciprofloxacin (n=60; 62.5%) while in humans, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n=20; 69.0%), ciprofloxacin (n=18; 62.1%) when the intermediate value is added. The dfrA, ermA, and gyrA genes were present in both broiler and human isolates.
CONCLUSIONS:
The antibiotic profile in broilers mirrors that of the humans and the presence of dfrA, ermA, and gyrA genes in both study populations suggest the transmission of E. coli through food-human or animal-human routes. When the challenges associated with the risk factors identified in this study are addressed, mass communication and engagement have the capacity to become a transformative force in combating AMR.
The inappropriate use of antimicrobials in agricultural and healthcare settings as prophylaxis or therapeutics has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animals and humans and ultimately resulting in mortality/morbidity, economic losses, healthcare costs, and the selection pressure of antimicrobials.
METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study in farms and hospitals within the Gwagwalada and Kuje area councils of the federal Capital territory territory. Data was collected on socio-demographic characteristics using a well structured questionnaire. The isolates (cloacal swab from broilers and stool sample from humans) were tested phenotypically for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and the presence of antimicrobial resistant genes using polymerase chain reaction. Data was analyzed using inferential statistics. Chi-square test and the Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship and association of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers and humans respectively.
RESULTS:
In the Gwagwalada area council, the prevalence of E. coli in broilers was 49.3% and 51.4% in humans. In the Kuje area council, the prevalence of E. coli in broilers was 38.1% and 37.1% in humans. The coefficient correlation between study populations was 1. In broilers, high frequency of resistance was recorded for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n=82; 85.4%), ciprofloxacin (n=60; 62.5%) while in humans, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n=20; 69.0%), ciprofloxacin (n=18; 62.1%) when the intermediate value is added. The dfrA, ermA, and gyrA genes were present in both broiler and human isolates.
CONCLUSIONS:
The antibiotic profile in broilers mirrors that of the humans and the presence of dfrA, ermA, and gyrA genes in both study populations suggest the transmission of E. coli through food-human or animal-human routes. When the challenges associated with the risk factors identified in this study are addressed, mass communication and engagement have the capacity to become a transformative force in combating AMR.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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