Public health assessment of diet quality and calorie intake in cardiovascular disease
1
Pharmacy Practice, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Pimpri-Pune, Pimpri, Pune, India
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A2881
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and represent a major public health challenge in india. poor diet quality, calorie imbalance, and socioeconomic and behavioral barriers contribute significantly to disease progression and poor secondary prevention outcomes. evidence integrating dietary quality, energy intake, and perceived dietary barriers among hospitalized indian CVD patients remains limited.
METHODS:
a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over six months in the cardiology ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital in pune india. eighty one adult cardiovascular inpatients were included. dietary intake was assessed using a 24 hour dietary recall and diet quality using the iPACE diet quality index. barriers to healthy eating were assessed using a structured diet barriers index. daily caloric requirements were estimated using the harris benedict equation. cardiac risk was assessed using the HEAR score.
RESULTS:
among participants, 56.8% were male and 72.8% were aged 45-74 years. overweight and obesity were observed in 42.0% and 28.4% respectively. hypertension was present in 49.4% and diabetes mellitus in 29.6% of patients. most participants belonged to the upper middle socioeconomic class 55.6% and resided in urban or semi urban areas 78.7%. diet quality was suboptimal in a substantial proportion of patients. daily calorie intake frequently deviated from estimated requirements. major barriers included lack of healthcare system support 35.8%, limited access to good quality foods 34.6%, difficulty avoiding unhealthy foods in social settings 33.3%, lack of time 27.2%, and inadequate dietary knowledge 27.2%.
CONCLUSIONS:
poor dietary quality, calorie imbalance, and modifiable barriers to healthy eating are highly prevalent among indian CVD inpatients. strengthening healthcare based nutrition counseling and addressing social and environmental barriers through culturally appropriate public health interventions is essential for improving cardiac outcomes.
cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and represent a major public health challenge in india. poor diet quality, calorie imbalance, and socioeconomic and behavioral barriers contribute significantly to disease progression and poor secondary prevention outcomes. evidence integrating dietary quality, energy intake, and perceived dietary barriers among hospitalized indian CVD patients remains limited.
METHODS:
a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over six months in the cardiology ward of a tertiary care teaching hospital in pune india. eighty one adult cardiovascular inpatients were included. dietary intake was assessed using a 24 hour dietary recall and diet quality using the iPACE diet quality index. barriers to healthy eating were assessed using a structured diet barriers index. daily caloric requirements were estimated using the harris benedict equation. cardiac risk was assessed using the HEAR score.
RESULTS:
among participants, 56.8% were male and 72.8% were aged 45-74 years. overweight and obesity were observed in 42.0% and 28.4% respectively. hypertension was present in 49.4% and diabetes mellitus in 29.6% of patients. most participants belonged to the upper middle socioeconomic class 55.6% and resided in urban or semi urban areas 78.7%. diet quality was suboptimal in a substantial proportion of patients. daily calorie intake frequently deviated from estimated requirements. major barriers included lack of healthcare system support 35.8%, limited access to good quality foods 34.6%, difficulty avoiding unhealthy foods in social settings 33.3%, lack of time 27.2%, and inadequate dietary knowledge 27.2%.
CONCLUSIONS:
poor dietary quality, calorie imbalance, and modifiable barriers to healthy eating are highly prevalent among indian CVD inpatients. strengthening healthcare based nutrition counseling and addressing social and environmental barriers through culturally appropriate public health interventions is essential for improving cardiac outcomes.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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