Sex Differences in the Association Between Typical Winter Ambient Temperature and Physical Activity in China: A Nationwide Study
1
1Department of Big Data in Health Science, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2
2National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
3
3Office of NCD Control and Aging Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Previous studies had indicated that physical activity (PA) can be affected by extreme temperatures. However, little is known about whether typical winter ambient temperatures are associated with PA.
METHODS:
The data was from China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (CCDRFS), a nationwide survey that covered 298 out of all 605 disease surveillance points (DSPs) in China. Information on PA was collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Ambient temperatures were matched with the monthly average temperature of each DSP. A total of 134720 individuals who completed the survey from October 1 to December 31, 2018, were included in this study. Design-based weighted linear regression and logistic regression were used to estimate the associations between temperatures and PA (continues time and whether insufficient).
RESULTS:
The average total PA time was 1,320 minutes per week (including 1,008 minutes occupational, 226 minutes transportational, and 86.2 minutes recreational PA time per week, respectively). The average ambient temperature during these months was 284.0 K (10.9℃). In the fully adjusted model, 1 K increase in temperature was associated with an increase of 8.3 (95% CI: 0.8-15.8) minutes per week in total PA time, but was not associated with occupational, transportational, or recreational PA time, respectively. In sex-stratified analyses, higher temperature was significantly associated with longer total PA (β=12.4, 95% CI: 5.4-19.4) and occupational PA (β=10.0, 95% CI: 3.9-16.0) time among women, but these associations were not significant among men. The weighted prevalence of insufficient PA was 22.5%. Higher temperature was an independent protective factor for insufficient PA (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99), both among men (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99) and women (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99).
CONCLUSIONS:
In this national study, higher ambient temperatures in winter were significantly associated with PA. This association was more pronounced among women.
Previous studies had indicated that physical activity (PA) can be affected by extreme temperatures. However, little is known about whether typical winter ambient temperatures are associated with PA.
METHODS:
The data was from China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (CCDRFS), a nationwide survey that covered 298 out of all 605 disease surveillance points (DSPs) in China. Information on PA was collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Ambient temperatures were matched with the monthly average temperature of each DSP. A total of 134720 individuals who completed the survey from October 1 to December 31, 2018, were included in this study. Design-based weighted linear regression and logistic regression were used to estimate the associations between temperatures and PA (continues time and whether insufficient).
RESULTS:
The average total PA time was 1,320 minutes per week (including 1,008 minutes occupational, 226 minutes transportational, and 86.2 minutes recreational PA time per week, respectively). The average ambient temperature during these months was 284.0 K (10.9℃). In the fully adjusted model, 1 K increase in temperature was associated with an increase of 8.3 (95% CI: 0.8-15.8) minutes per week in total PA time, but was not associated with occupational, transportational, or recreational PA time, respectively. In sex-stratified analyses, higher temperature was significantly associated with longer total PA (β=12.4, 95% CI: 5.4-19.4) and occupational PA (β=10.0, 95% CI: 3.9-16.0) time among women, but these associations were not significant among men. The weighted prevalence of insufficient PA was 22.5%. Higher temperature was an independent protective factor for insufficient PA (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99), both among men (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99) and women (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99).
CONCLUSIONS:
In this national study, higher ambient temperatures in winter were significantly associated with PA. This association was more pronounced among women.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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