INTRODUCTION:
The design of a theoretical model is essential for the objective analysis of health inequities. In Sub-Saharan Africa, Osteoarthritis (OA) is often reduced to a clinical aging process, neglecting its role as a driver of poverty (1). To the best of our knowledge, no theoretical frameworks specifically addressing OA in this region have been identified, representing a significant gap in the literature that hinders the development of equity-driven policies (2).

OBJECTIVE:
To develop a theoretical-conceptual framework that elucidates the structural and intermediary variables required to understand the socioeconomic impact of OA and healthcare access inequities in Sub-Saharan Africa.

METHODS:
This framework was developed following the methodology for the design of theoretical-conceptual models in epidemiology. For its graphical representation, CMap Tools was utilized to create a conceptual map (3, 4). The report followed the Checklist for Theoretical Report in Epidemiological Studies (CRT-EE) (5), ensuring a systematic approach to variable selection and hierarchical organization.

RESULTS:
The resulting model identifies a complex interplay of variables categorized into three levels: Macro-structural (social security access, health system funding); Intermediate (employment status, labor productivity, absenteeism, and specialized treatment availability); and Individual (gender, age, education, and cultural factors). A central finding is that "return to work" and "retirement" are heavily conditioned by the lack of social safety nets, which transforms physical disability into catastrophic economic loss (6).

CONCLUSIONS:
This framework serves as a guide for future epidemiological research, shifting the focus from purely clinical outcomes to the social determination of health. An in-depth understanding of these conceptual aspects will enable evidence-based research that informs preventive strategies and public health decision-making in Sub-Saharan Africa.