Spatio-temporal analysis of the distribution of waterborne diseases in children under 5 years of age from 2018 to 2022 in the Lemba health zone in Kinshasa, DR Congo: A retrospective and observational analysis
1
Department of Research, Medical Research Circle (MedReC), Bukavu, Goma, Congo, Democratic Republic of the
2
Faculty of Medicine, université libre des pays des grands lacs, Goma, Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND-AIM:
Kinshasa faces major challenges in access to drinking water and sanitation, exposing its municipalities and health zones to frequent waterborne diseases that threaten public health. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of these diseases.
METHODS:
We carried out an environmental investigation followed by the collection of data that were processed by tools of the geographic and statistical information system using Pearson correlation to see the link between these diseases in space and time.
RESULTS:
The distribution of Malaria affects more intermediate zones, including Mbanza-Lemba with 9044 cases and an average of 1809 cases per year in the period studied; the same case is true for Typhoid Fever and Diarrhea which affect the flood zone including Gombele with 12420 cases with an average of 2484 cases per year of Typhoid Fever and 4931 cases for Diarrhea. The Salongo health area has the most recorded cases of Amoeba, including 2192, with an average of 438 per year. Malaria has a strong correlation with Diarrhea, which is 0.99, these two diseases have a strong to medium correlation with Amoeba. A negative correlation is observed with Typhoid Fever.
CONCLUSIONS:
The spatial and temporal distribution of waterborne diseases in the study area is influenced by physical factors such as altitude and slope, which create flood-prone zones that favor their spread. Limited access to safe water and poor sanitation further contribute to disease transmission.
Kinshasa faces major challenges in access to drinking water and sanitation, exposing its municipalities and health zones to frequent waterborne diseases that threaten public health. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of these diseases.
METHODS:
We carried out an environmental investigation followed by the collection of data that were processed by tools of the geographic and statistical information system using Pearson correlation to see the link between these diseases in space and time.
RESULTS:
The distribution of Malaria affects more intermediate zones, including Mbanza-Lemba with 9044 cases and an average of 1809 cases per year in the period studied; the same case is true for Typhoid Fever and Diarrhea which affect the flood zone including Gombele with 12420 cases with an average of 2484 cases per year of Typhoid Fever and 4931 cases for Diarrhea. The Salongo health area has the most recorded cases of Amoeba, including 2192, with an average of 438 per year. Malaria has a strong correlation with Diarrhea, which is 0.99, these two diseases have a strong to medium correlation with Amoeba. A negative correlation is observed with Typhoid Fever.
CONCLUSIONS:
The spatial and temporal distribution of waterborne diseases in the study area is influenced by physical factors such as altitude and slope, which create flood-prone zones that favor their spread. Limited access to safe water and poor sanitation further contribute to disease transmission.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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