The prevalence associated risk factors for perinatal depression among HIV positive women attending prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services in Tzaneen sub-district
1
1 Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A2416
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Despite global evidence of increased depression risk among perinatal HIV positive women, maternal mental health is still largely neglected in the local context.The aim of this study was to screen for perinatal depression symptoms among HIV positive women attending PMTCT services in Tzaneen sub-district.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to screen for depression symptoms among 395 perinatal women. Stata-14 was used for data analysis and the Pearson chi-square tests were used to explore associations between socio-demographic variables, levels of HIV shame and depression symptoms (p≤0.05). Multivariate analysis was performed with all significant variables.
RESULTS:
Majority of the women were single (n=194; 49.11 %) or cohabiting (n=156; 39.49%) and unemployed (n=346; 88%), with a mean age of 27. Most (n=112; 28.35 %) of the women found out about their HIV status due to an illness (n=112; 28.35%) and only a few (n=155; 39.24 %) had disclosed their HIV status to their current partner. A perinatal depression prevalence of 64.56 % was found, with 41.01 % and 23.54 % of women experiencing antenatal and postnatal depression, respectively. Depression was significantly associated with infant age, number of babies given birth to, partner’s level of education, employment status and monthly income (p≤0.05). High levels of HIV shame, as well as those who had not disclosed their HIV status to their partners, were also at a heightened risk of depression at a bivariate level (p≤0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of perinatal depression is high among HIV positive women with higher risk among those who have low socio-economic status. Thus, making it essential to prioritize routine screening during the perinatal period especially among HIV positive women.
Despite global evidence of increased depression risk among perinatal HIV positive women, maternal mental health is still largely neglected in the local context.The aim of this study was to screen for perinatal depression symptoms among HIV positive women attending PMTCT services in Tzaneen sub-district.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to screen for depression symptoms among 395 perinatal women. Stata-14 was used for data analysis and the Pearson chi-square tests were used to explore associations between socio-demographic variables, levels of HIV shame and depression symptoms (p≤0.05). Multivariate analysis was performed with all significant variables.
RESULTS:
Majority of the women were single (n=194; 49.11 %) or cohabiting (n=156; 39.49%) and unemployed (n=346; 88%), with a mean age of 27. Most (n=112; 28.35 %) of the women found out about their HIV status due to an illness (n=112; 28.35%) and only a few (n=155; 39.24 %) had disclosed their HIV status to their current partner. A perinatal depression prevalence of 64.56 % was found, with 41.01 % and 23.54 % of women experiencing antenatal and postnatal depression, respectively. Depression was significantly associated with infant age, number of babies given birth to, partner’s level of education, employment status and monthly income (p≤0.05). High levels of HIV shame, as well as those who had not disclosed their HIV status to their partners, were also at a heightened risk of depression at a bivariate level (p≤0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of perinatal depression is high among HIV positive women with higher risk among those who have low socio-economic status. Thus, making it essential to prioritize routine screening during the perinatal period especially among HIV positive women.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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