Title: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients: A Case Series Analysis at a Level 4 Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya
1
Public Health, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega Kenya, Kenya
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A635
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
COVID-19 was first reported in Kenya in March 2020, with cases referred to Government Hospitals until filled up . We created screening capacity and assigned home treatment for mild to moderately ill patients and severe cases hospitalized. Hospital based case series provide cost effective access to evidence of management and, new hypotheses.
METHODS:
Retrospective review on care of 45 Covid-19 patients hospitalized from May 2021 - June 2022 at St Luke Medical Centre, Kisumu, Kenya. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, biological estimations, treatments and outcomes were retrieved and analyzed
RESULTS:
37 (82.2%) patients were positive by rapid test and 8 (17.8%) probable cases based on clinical findings. Demographic distribution showed 29 (64.4%) females; 33 (73.3%) were >50 years old. 35 (82.2%) had underlying comorbidities. D-dimers were elevated in 13/14 tests (92.9%), raised ESR in 42/45 (93.3%) and CRP in 43/45 (95.6%). Leukocytosis in 15.8% and lymphopaenia in 31.1%. Treatment: 43 (95.6%) patients had antibiotics; 5 (11.1%) Remdesivir, 26 (57%) Ivermectin and 18 (40%) N – Acetylcysteine. Patients on oxygen 35 /45 (77.8%) received glucocorticoids. Other treatments included Enoxaparin 39 (86.7%), zinc sulphate and vitamin C. 30 (66.7%) patients categorized as improved were discharged, 7 (15.6%) referred and, 8 (17.8%) died. The Odds of hypertensive patient dying of COVID-19 was 6.46; (95% CI = 0.71-58.39), and diabetics 1.11 (CI= 0.23-5.39). Oxygen saturation at admission < 90% was a predictor of mortality (p = 0.00), but during hospitalization (p=0.202). Lymphopaenia did not predict outcome (p=0.55) compared to N-acetylcysteine (p=0.046)
CONCLUSIONS:
Elevated ESR, CRP, and D-dimers, and presence of hypertension or diabetes, were indicators towards diagnosis for COVID-19. Hypoxaemia at admission predict mortality outcome compared to any other time during hospitalization. The use of antibiotics, Ivermectin and N-acetylcysteine unproven and cost limited use of Remdesivir. Pooled retrospective data, will increase numbers for statistical analyses.
COVID-19 was first reported in Kenya in March 2020, with cases referred to Government Hospitals until filled up . We created screening capacity and assigned home treatment for mild to moderately ill patients and severe cases hospitalized. Hospital based case series provide cost effective access to evidence of management and, new hypotheses.
METHODS:
Retrospective review on care of 45 Covid-19 patients hospitalized from May 2021 - June 2022 at St Luke Medical Centre, Kisumu, Kenya. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, biological estimations, treatments and outcomes were retrieved and analyzed
RESULTS:
37 (82.2%) patients were positive by rapid test and 8 (17.8%) probable cases based on clinical findings. Demographic distribution showed 29 (64.4%) females; 33 (73.3%) were >50 years old. 35 (82.2%) had underlying comorbidities. D-dimers were elevated in 13/14 tests (92.9%), raised ESR in 42/45 (93.3%) and CRP in 43/45 (95.6%). Leukocytosis in 15.8% and lymphopaenia in 31.1%. Treatment: 43 (95.6%) patients had antibiotics; 5 (11.1%) Remdesivir, 26 (57%) Ivermectin and 18 (40%) N – Acetylcysteine. Patients on oxygen 35 /45 (77.8%) received glucocorticoids. Other treatments included Enoxaparin 39 (86.7%), zinc sulphate and vitamin C. 30 (66.7%) patients categorized as improved were discharged, 7 (15.6%) referred and, 8 (17.8%) died. The Odds of hypertensive patient dying of COVID-19 was 6.46; (95% CI = 0.71-58.39), and diabetics 1.11 (CI= 0.23-5.39). Oxygen saturation at admission < 90% was a predictor of mortality (p = 0.00), but during hospitalization (p=0.202). Lymphopaenia did not predict outcome (p=0.55) compared to N-acetylcysteine (p=0.046)
CONCLUSIONS:
Elevated ESR, CRP, and D-dimers, and presence of hypertension or diabetes, were indicators towards diagnosis for COVID-19. Hypoxaemia at admission predict mortality outcome compared to any other time during hospitalization. The use of antibiotics, Ivermectin and N-acetylcysteine unproven and cost limited use of Remdesivir. Pooled retrospective data, will increase numbers for statistical analyses.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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