ABSTRACT:
Magnitude of diabetes mellitus specifically among Type II patients is rising globally, regionally, and locally in many African countries. Hence, it is crucial to figure out the level of glycemic control, understand the contributing factors and develop a framework to existing guideline and system in Ethiopia. This systematic review aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with glycemic control in Ethiopia. PubMed, Google scholar, Semantic scholar, Science direct databases was used. All observational studies with eligibility criteria; individual studies conducted in type II patients only 2) in adults patients 3) reported prevalence of glycemic control. 4) Studies conducted in Ethiopia from 2018 to 2023 and 4) only cross-sectional studies. Narrative review, studies conducted in type I and children’s, qualitative systematic reviews, and outside Ethiopia were excluded. Critical appraisal tool used to assess quality of studies. Egger’s test and I2 statistical analysis were used to check publication bias and heterogeneity of studies, respectively. Sub-group analysis across regions and sensitivity test was also conducted. All analysis was done using STATA v-17 software. PROSPERO registered this study with registration number CRD42023472999. A total of 26 studies, involving 9927 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control was 38 %( 95% CI: 33%-44%). The prevalence ranged from 34% to 51% in Ethiopia. The glycemic level using glycated hemoglobin (HbAc) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 38% and 39%, respectively. There is significant change in glycemic control rate by year in the meta-regression. Factors associated with glycemic control were socio-demographic factors, life style factors, treatment related and clinical factors (presence of comorbidity/complications, diet adherence, duration of the disease, physical activity). Poor glycemic control is prevalent among adult diabetes patients with type 2 in Ethiopia and poses a significant public health challenge.