Suicide Trends in Rural South Africa Before and During COVID-19: Evidence from Forensic Mortuary Data in Limpopo Province
1
Health, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):A2641
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:
This study examined suicide trends in Limpopo Province, South Africa, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using forensic mortuary data from 2019 to 2021. Of 5,770 unnatural deaths, 957 (16.6%) were confirmed suicides, with males (84%) and individuals aged 20–39 years most affected. Hanging was the predominant method (>90%). Interrupted time series analysis revealed a significant downward trend in suicide cases during the strict national lockdown (Alert Level 5), with a 31% reduction in incidence (IRR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.98). Less restrictive lockdown levels showed no significant effects. Findings suggest that reduced alcohol access, limited mobility, and increased household presence during lockdown may have contributed to short-term declines. Long-term prevention efforts must address structural drivers, strengthen rural mental health services, and improve surveillance systems.
This study examined suicide trends in Limpopo Province, South Africa, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using forensic mortuary data from 2019 to 2021. Of 5,770 unnatural deaths, 957 (16.6%) were confirmed suicides, with males (84%) and individuals aged 20–39 years most affected. Hanging was the predominant method (>90%). Interrupted time series analysis revealed a significant downward trend in suicide cases during the strict national lockdown (Alert Level 5), with a 31% reduction in incidence (IRR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.98). Less restrictive lockdown levels showed no significant effects. Findings suggest that reduced alcohol access, limited mobility, and increased household presence during lockdown may have contributed to short-term declines. Long-term prevention efforts must address structural drivers, strengthen rural mental health services, and improve surveillance systems.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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