FOOD BORNE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT
1
FOOD SCIENCE, TEADY BIOSCIENCE RESEARCH LABORATORY, AKURE, Nigeria
Popul. Med. 2026;8(Supplement Supplement 1):
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:
FOOD BORNE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT Ifedayo David AKERELE1 Ifedayo Esther FASOLA2 1Teady Bioscience Research Lab., Ilara Mokin, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria 2Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
BACKGROUND:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern, with low and middle countries (LMICs) facing a disproportionate burden. In these regions, the food chain especially foods of animal origin acts as a major pathway for human exposure to resistance bacteria. Excessive antimicrobial use in livestock production, poor slaughtering practices and weak food safety regulation contribute significantly to the emergence and spread of food borne AMR.
METHODS:
This study employed an evidence based synthesis of peer reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2025. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using keywords related to food borne bacteria, antimicrobial resistance, and LMICs. Eligible studies reported phenotypic resistance profiles of bacteria isolates from food sources. Extracted data included bacteria species, food types, antimicrobial classes tested, and resistance prevalence. Comparative analysis was used to identify common resistance patterns across regions.
RESULTS:
Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were commonly isolated from poultry, beef, milk, and ready to eat foods in LMICs. Beta lactam and tetracycline resistance was high (55-90% and 60-85%, respectively), while fluoroquinlone and sulfonamide resistance was lower but notable (30 - 65%). Multi-drug resistance (40 - 70%) and similar resistance levels across regions indicate system driven selection pressures in food systems.
CONCLUSIONS:
Food borne AMR in LMICs is a persistent system driven public health challenge. Hence food system driven AMR Mitigation (FSDAM) Framework is proposed. This framework integrates food based AMR surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship in livestock, improved hygiene practices, and resistance informed drug development. It offers a sustainable solution to reducing resistance and preserving effectiveness.
FOOD BORNE ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT Ifedayo David AKERELE1 Ifedayo Esther FASOLA2 1Teady Bioscience Research Lab., Ilara Mokin, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria 2Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
BACKGROUND:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern, with low and middle countries (LMICs) facing a disproportionate burden. In these regions, the food chain especially foods of animal origin acts as a major pathway for human exposure to resistance bacteria. Excessive antimicrobial use in livestock production, poor slaughtering practices and weak food safety regulation contribute significantly to the emergence and spread of food borne AMR.
METHODS:
This study employed an evidence based synthesis of peer reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2025. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using keywords related to food borne bacteria, antimicrobial resistance, and LMICs. Eligible studies reported phenotypic resistance profiles of bacteria isolates from food sources. Extracted data included bacteria species, food types, antimicrobial classes tested, and resistance prevalence. Comparative analysis was used to identify common resistance patterns across regions.
RESULTS:
Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were commonly isolated from poultry, beef, milk, and ready to eat foods in LMICs. Beta lactam and tetracycline resistance was high (55-90% and 60-85%, respectively), while fluoroquinlone and sulfonamide resistance was lower but notable (30 - 65%). Multi-drug resistance (40 - 70%) and similar resistance levels across regions indicate system driven selection pressures in food systems.
CONCLUSIONS:
Food borne AMR in LMICs is a persistent system driven public health challenge. Hence food system driven AMR Mitigation (FSDAM) Framework is proposed. This framework integrates food based AMR surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship in livestock, improved hygiene practices, and resistance informed drug development. It offers a sustainable solution to reducing resistance and preserving effectiveness.
| eISSN: | 2654-1459 |
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